Ethereum’s Key Changes After the Fusaka Upgrade

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Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade has officially gone live on its final testnet, Hoodi, marking the last step before its mainnet launch on December 3. This long-awaited update is expected to deliver major scalability and security improvements, bringing Ethereum closer to its next era of high-performance blockchain innovation.

A Key Milestone Before Mainnet Launch

The Nethermind team posted on X (Twitter):

“Another smooth upgrade – another major milestone on the road to Fusaka.”

Fusaka introduces several critical Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), including:

EIP-7594 (PeerDAS): allows validators to read smaller data chunks on layer 2 instead of full blobs, boosting node efficiency.
EIP-7825 and EIP-7935: aim to raise the gas limit and optimize performance, paving the way for parallel execution — enabling multiple smart contracts to process simultaneously.
Other EIPs focus on enhancing zero-knowledge rollup technology to improve both speed and security.

Fusaka Rollout in Three Phases

The Fusaka upgrade will be executed in three main stages:

Activating the Fusaka upgrade on mainnet.
Implementing the EIP that increases blob capacity.
Executing the second blob capacity hard fork.

Once Fusaka is completed, attention will shift to the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade, which is part of Ethereum’s “Surge” phase — a roadmap designed to maximize scalability and transaction throughput.

Targeting the “Blockchain Trilemma”

Fusaka seeks to enhance Ethereum’s scalability, one of the three pillars in the “Blockchain Trilemma” proposed by Vitalik Buterin — alongside decentralization and security.

Historically, Ethereum has prioritized security and decentralization over scalability, resulting in slower transaction speeds.
Competing layer-1 blockchains like Solana and Sui have focused heavily on scalability, offering faster transactions but often at the cost of decentralization.
With Fusaka, Ethereum aims to rebalance all three aspects, achieving global scalability while maintaining its core security principles.

Context: ETH Price Soars Amid Internal Shake-Up

The Fusaka milestone comes at a turbulent time for the Ethereum Foundation, which has seen several key developers depart, voicing concerns about the foundation’s strategic direction.

Despite the internal shifts, Ether (ETH) has reached a new yearly high, fueled by rising ETF inflows and growing corporate treasury adoption of the token.

Looking Beyond Fusaka

The Fusaka upgrade arrives just six months after the Pectra update, which focused on staking efficiency and wallet experience enhancements.
With Fusaka, Ethereum reinforces its position as the leading blockchain platform, showcasing a clear commitment to solving one of its biggest technical challenges — achieving true global scalability.

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